rsv type a2 strain  (ATCC)

Journal: Pathogens

Article Title: Distinct Cytokine Landscapes Induced by Influenza a Virus, RSV, and SARS-CoV-2 in Older Adults (65+) Using an Ex Vivo Whole Blood Stimulation Model

doi: 10.3390/pathogens15020139

Figure Lengend Snippet: Heatmaps of cytokine gene expression in ex vivo whole-blood cultures from older adults (≥65 years) stimulated with UV-inactivated respiratory viruses. Heatmaps depict the mean fold increase in mRNA levels of 22 cytokines and chemokines relative to unstimulated controls for each donor after 24 h incubation with Influenza A/H1N1, RSV type A2, or SARS-CoV-2. Rows list individual cytokine genes (left axis), and columns correspond to donors grouped females (red bracket) and males (blue bracket). The color-coded scale bar on the right indicates the mRNA expression levels, ranging from 0 (blue, minimum) to 50 (red, maximum).

Article Snippet: Specifically, RSV Type A2 strain (ATCC VR-1540), Influenza A (clinical isolate A/H1N1); SARS-CoV-2 (clinical isolate belonging to the B lineage, Wuhan strain) were propagated to obtain viral stocks and titers were determined by standard plaque assays.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Ex Vivo, Incubation, Expressing

Journal: NPJ Vaccines

Article Title: DS2 designer pre-fusion F vaccine induces strong and protective antibody response against RSV infection

doi: 10.1038/s41541-024-01059-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: A The pre-fusion and post-fusion conformational states of the RSV F glycoprotein are depicted, with colored antigenic sites (Ø, V, IV, III, II, and I) recognized by distinct groups of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). B Specific mutations introduced to maintain the prefusion conformation in the three designer pre-F glycoproteins DS2, DS-Cav1, and SC-TM. C A schematic diagram illustrates the recombinant AdC68 vector expressing the three designer pre-F glycoproteins of RSV. Each glycoprotein was presented with signal peptide (SP), transmembrane (TM), and cytoplasmic tail (CT) from RSV A2 strain. The coding sequences of each designer pre-F were inserted into the E1 region of the AdC68 vector, controlled of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, and terminated by a bovine growth hormone (BGH) polyadenylation signal sequence. D A comparison of the expression and epitope display of various designer pre-F on the surface of infected HEK 293T cells. Following infection with recombinant AdC68, HEK 293T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry using a panel of mAbs targeting various epitopes in the pre- and post-F glycoproteins of RSV. The names and sites specificity of each mAb in the F glycoprotein of RSV are indicated. Motavizumab and Palivizumab, two clinically evaluated antibody drugs, recognize the identical epitope within site II. The X-axis indicates the PE fluorescence intensity while Y-axis denotes the number (counts) of the events. The percentage in each of the flow cytometry graph represents the percentage of PE-positive cells.

Article Snippet: Codon-optimized genes encoding the wild-type (WT) fusion glycoprotein (F) of RSV A2 strain (GenBank accession no: ACO83301.1), along with structure-based designer DS2, DS-Cav1, and SC-TM prefusion F glycoproteins – , were synthesized by GenScript Biotech Corporation, China.

Techniques: Bioprocessing, Recombinant, Plasmid Preparation, Expressing, Sequencing, Comparison, Infection, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence